RAY LAROSE · MINIATURES
Notes from my painting desk
The paints and steps behind each finished model, and the recipes I come back to.
Try
53 painted schemes 259 photos 43 recipes 162 paint matches
Fresh off the bench
The newest finished schemes, each with every paint and step.
Find your army
Paint schemes for Warhammer 40k, Blood Bowl, Age of Sigmar and Necromunda and more. Pick a game or an army to see how I painted it.
Learn a part
Miniature painting recipes for one part at a time, like armour, flesh and weapon, each a short list of steps you can follow at the desk.
Switching paint brands?
162 Citadel colours matched to Vallejo, Pro Acryl and Two Thin Coats, by eye, with how close each match really is. Search any name from any brand.
Open the conversion chart →New to painting? Start here
Four short recipes, in this order. Each one adds a single new skill.
1
Gold
4 stepsThe basecoat, wash, highlight sequence most metal is built on.
2
Ultramarine Armour
4 stepsThe same idea with an edge highlight, which is what makes armour read as armour.
3
Rust
3 stepsStippling and drybrushing, and hard to get wrong.
4
Ork Flesh
9 stepsThe whole ladder: a basecoat, two layers, a highlight, then glazes to blend it together.Before you start, and what the technique words mean
- Thin your paint
- Almost everything here goes on thinner than it comes out of the pot. Neat paint dries thick and fills in the detail you paid for. Add water a drop at a time on a palette until it runs somewhere between milk and heavy cream, depending on the brand, then build the colour up in two or three coats rather than one.
- Start on a primed model
- Unless a step says otherwise, every recipe here begins on a model that has already been primed - paint will not sit properly on bare plastic. Black unless the scheme says otherwise, which is what most of these were painted over.
- The same words mean two things
- Wash, shade and layer are both things you do and names Citadel puts on pots. The badge on a step is the action. The Type column in the paint list is which range the pot came from. A step badged "layer" is often painted with a Base paint, and that is not a mistake.
- basecoat
- The first solid colour over primer. Two thin coats beat one thick one.
- highlight
- A lighter colour on the parts that would catch the light.
- layer
- A slightly lighter colour over part of the coat below, leaving its edges showing.
- wash
- Thin, watery paint that runs into the recesses and shades the whole area at once.
- edge
- A highlight along a sharp edge only, painted with the side of the brush.
- shade
- Darker paint placed deliberately in the shadows rather than left to flow.
- glaze
- Heavily thinned paint over dry paint, to tint it and soften the join between two colours.
- stipple
- Dabbed on with the tip of the brush for a broken, rough, mottled surface.
- drybrush
- Almost-dry paint dragged across raised texture so it catches only the high points.
- blend
- Two colours worked into each other while both are wet, so there is no visible line.
- special
- Anything that is not one of the above. The step note says what it is.
Paint Schemes
How I painted each model: the exact paints, the order they went on, and the finish they gave.
Before you start, and what the technique words mean
- Thin your paint
- Almost everything here goes on thinner than it comes out of the pot. Neat paint dries thick and fills in the detail you paid for. Add water a drop at a time on a palette until it runs somewhere between milk and heavy cream, depending on the brand, then build the colour up in two or three coats rather than one.
- Start on a primed model
- Unless a step says otherwise, every recipe here begins on a model that has already been primed - paint will not sit properly on bare plastic. Black unless the scheme says otherwise, which is what most of these were painted over.
- The same words mean two things
- Wash, shade and layer are both things you do and names Citadel puts on pots. The badge on a step is the action. The Type column in the paint list is which range the pot came from. A step badged "layer" is often painted with a Base paint, and that is not a mistake.
- basecoat
- The first solid colour over primer. Two thin coats beat one thick one.
- highlight
- A lighter colour on the parts that would catch the light.
- layer
- A slightly lighter colour over part of the coat below, leaving its edges showing.
- wash
- Thin, watery paint that runs into the recesses and shades the whole area at once.
- edge
- A highlight along a sharp edge only, painted with the side of the brush.
- shade
- Darker paint placed deliberately in the shadows rather than left to flow.
- glaze
- Heavily thinned paint over dry paint, to tint it and soften the join between two colours.
- stipple
- Dabbed on with the tip of the brush for a broken, rough, mottled surface.
- drybrush
- Almost-dry paint dragged across raised texture so it catches only the high points.
- blend
- Two colours worked into each other while both are wet, so there is no visible line.
- special
- Anything that is not one of the above. The step note says what it is.
Recipes
Methods I reuse across models - skin, metal, armour, cloth and the rest. Each step is one named paint, one technique and a note. Unless a step says otherwise, every recipe here starts on a primed model - the scheme that uses it usually says which colour.
Aged Metal
ArmourUses Vallejo Real Metallic Metals range4 steps · on 2 schemes
Balefire
Fire · MandrakesThe erie green blue glow of my Mandrakes4 steps · on 1 scheme
Basic White Flesh
Flesh · HumansStandard Vallejo mix for tanned skins4 steps · on 10 schemes
Black Armour
ArmourUsed for armour and black vehicles, titans, etc4 steps · on 10 schemes
Black Weapons
WeaponGoto scheme for simple black weapons5 steps · on 15 schemes
Blood Bowl Bases
BaseAll my bases for Blood Bowl are done exactly the same.5 steps · on 6 schemes
Blood Splatter
BloodBest way to blood-up a unit1 step · on 4 schemes
Brown Leather
LeatherQuick n easy leathers6 steps · on 19 schemes
Brown Leather - Alternate Version
LeatherA deeper rustic brown to work in unison with my standard brown. Think leather vest vs leather belt3 steps · on 3 schemes
Dark Skin
Flesh · HumansA darker skin tone recipe used across factions4 steps · on 8 schemes
Dark Wood
WoodQuick and easy wood3 steps · on 5 schemes
Death Guard Armour
Armour · Death GuardThe base armour - for that worn, muted green flavor.10 steps · on 1 scheme
Death Korps Vehicle Armour
Armour · Death Korps of KriegQuick and easy grey formula for all my Death Korps weapons, vehicles, armour, etc5 steps · on 4 schemes
Death Riders' Horses
Flesh · Death Korps of KriegThis one is heavily wash based.8 steps · on 1 scheme
Flesh Tearers Armour (Red Bits)
Armour · Flesh TearersPunchy, dark with bright highlights6 steps · on 2 schemes
Flesh Tearers Armour - Pro Acryl Version
Armour · Flesh TearersSame as the other, but swapped out paints6 steps · on 2 schemes
Flesh Tubes
Flesh · NurgleGross-ass tubes6 steps · on 2 schemesGold
MetalSimple gold recipe - think Ultramarine Aquila4 steps · on 13 schemes
Greatcoat
Cloth · Death Korps of KriegMuddied greatcoat for my Death Korps of Krieg4 steps · on 3 schemes
Horns & Ork Teeth
Bone · OrksDirty, tartar and gingivitis laced mouth6 steps
Iron Warrior Armour
Armour · Iron WarriorsBasic armour recipe for IW9 steps · on 2 schemes
Iron Warrior Hazard Stripes
Armour · Iron WarriorsNew hazard stripe formula6 steps · on 2 schemes
Iron Warrior Helmet Brush Thingy
Cloth · Iron WarriorsThis is my overly bright IW head brush3 steps · on 1 scheme
Light Wood
WoodLighter wood recipe3 steps · on 3 schemes
Lips
FleshThis is my basic go-to for most lips3 steps · on 15 schemes
Noise Marine Pink
Armour · Emperor’s ChildrenGoing with a deeper, moodier pink. This recipe is a WIP3 steps · on 1 schemeOrk Flesh
Flesh · OrksMy 2025 Scheme for all orks9 steps · on 12 schemes
Ork Flesh - ProAcryl Version
Flesh · OrksAlternate ork skin using ProAcryl rather than Vallejo - a more "realistic"- if you will - flesh.8 steps · on 1 scheme
Plasma Glow
WeaponGreen plasma glow4 steps · on 3 schemes
Purity Seal
SealQuick and easy5 steps · on 7 schemes
Red Armour
ArmourPretty much the red weapon recipe5 steps · on 8 schemes
Red Leather
LeatherUsually used on battle axe grips, etc.3 steps · on 1 scheme
Red Weapons
WeaponMy goto colours for bolters and whatnot6 steps · on 11 schemes
Rotting Flesh
Flesh · NurgleJust plain gross7 steps · on 2 schemesRust
MetalQuicky, nasty ass rust3 steps · on 2 schemes
Skaven Flesh
Flesh · SkavenRatty looking pinkish-brown3 steps · on 1 scheme
Squat Helmets
Armour · SquatsYellow helmets with blue visors6 steps · on 3 schemes
Squat Weapons
Weapon · SquatsAll my squat weapons follow this one scheme7 steps · on 3 schemes
Squat White Armour
Armour · SquatsRecipe for the white version of my armour (as well as the arms, pants, etc)8 steps · on 3 schemes
Squig Flesh
Flesh · Orks2026 recipe for my squigs4 steps · on 4 schemes
Tank Tracks
Metal · Astra MilitarumLatest recipe for doing my tank tracks4 steps · on 2 schemes
Troll Flesh
Flesh · TrollsThis is from memory of how I did this9 steps · on 1 schemeUltramarine Armour
Armour · UltramarinesThis is the recipe I used for all 60+ Ultramarines for Walter's 4th4 steps · on 1 schemePaint Inventory
The paints I actually own - every pot on my shelf, not a catalogue of what exists. This is what the schemes and recipes are painted with.
| Paint | Brand | Type | Hue | Used in |
|---|
Paint Conversion Chart
Citadel colours matched to their closest Vallejo, Pro Acryl and Two Thin Coats equivalents, by eye, over time. Nothing here is a measured colour match - the dots say how close each one really is.
Still filling this in: 8 of the 108 colours used in the recipes here have no row yet. Mostly Vallejo. A blank means not mapped, not that no equivalent exists.
How close the match is:
near identical
usable
avoid
4 how many of my recipes and schemes use it - tap one to see them
Convert to:
| Citadel | Vallejo | Pro Acryl | Two Thin Coats |
|---|